is afraid of什么意思? be a afraid of什么意思
“is afraid of” 的含义及用法解析
“is afraid of” 是英语中表达“害怕”或“担心”的常见短语,其核心含义为对某人、某物或某种情况感到恐惧或忧虑。具体用法及语境如下:
一、基本含义
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直接恐惧对象
表示对具体事物、人或动物的恐惧,后接名词或代词作宾语。- 例:She is afraid of dogs.(她怕狗)[]
- 例:He is afraid of the dark.(他怕黑)[]
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担心可能发生的情况
后接动名词(doing sth),强调对某种结局或潜在风险的担忧。- 例:I was afraid of waking her husband.(我担心吵醒她丈夫)
- 例:He is afraid of losing face.(他担心丢面子)
二、与其他结构的区别
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与 “be afraid to do” 的对比
- be afraid of doing sth:担心某事可能发生(未必实际发生),或对行为本身的后果有顾虑。
- 例:She was afraid of falling into the river.(她担心掉进河里)
- be afraid to do sth:因内心恐惧而不敢采取行动,强调缺乏勇气。
- 例:She was afraid to walk on the wooden bridge.(她不敢走木桥)[2]
关键区别:前者侧重“担心结局”,后者侧重“不敢行动”。例如:
- I’m afraid of hurting her.(担心伤害她)
- I’m afraid to tell her the truth.(不敢告诉她真相)[2]
- be afraid of doing sth:担心某事可能发生(未必实际发生),或对行为本身的后果有顾虑。
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与 “be afraid that…” 的对比
当后接从句时,常表示委婉的否定或担忧,译为“恐怕”。- 例:I’m afraid (that) I’ll be late.(我恐怕要迟到了)[]
三、常见搭配及扩展
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固定短语
- be afraid for:为某人/某事担忧
- 例:I’m afraid for her safety.(我为她的安全担心)[4]
- I’m afraid so/not:委婉表达肯定或否定
- 例:A: Will it rain? B: I’m afraid so.(恐怕会下雨)[]
- be afraid for:为某人/某事担忧
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情感程度修饰
可添加副词(如 terribly, deeply)增强语气:- 例:He is deeply afraid of failure.(他非常害怕失败)[3]
四、典型错误与注意事项
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语法错误
- ? He is afraid with her.(错误搭配)
- ? He is afraid of her.(正确表达“害怕她”)
-
逻辑混淆
- 避免混淆“害怕行为”与“担心结局”:
- ? I’m afraid to hurt her feelings.(错误,应用 of hurting)
- ? I’m afraid of hurting her feelings.(正确)[2]
- 避免混淆“害怕行为”与“担心结局”:
五、实用例句
- The child is afraid of strangers.(这孩子怕生)
- She is afraid of * mistakes in public.(她担心当众犯错)
- Aren’t you afraid of being seen as a coward?(你不怕被人视为懦夫吗?)
“is afraid of” 主要用于表达对具体对象或潜在风险的恐惧或担忧,需结合语境区分其与 “be afraid to do” 的细微差异。在实际使用中,注意搭配动名词或名词,避免语法错误[2]。